Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development was founded in 1961 on the basis of the European Organisation for Economic Cooperation, established to deal with the Marshall Plan for the Reconstruction of Europe after the Second World War.

The core of this organisation was originally the countries of Europe and North America. Today, the OECD brings together 35 countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, United Kingdom, Greece, Denmark, Estonia, Israel, Spain, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Canada, Korea, Latvia, Luxembourg, Mexico, Germany, Norway, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, USA, Turkey, Hungary, Finland, France, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Sweden, Japan, and Chile.

Since the establishment of this organization, its activity is aimed at strengthening and improving the efficiency of the economies of the member states, improving socio-economic conditions and employment situation, ensuring economic growth of both industrialized and developing countries. 

Cooperation between Ukraine and the OECD was launched in 1997 by signing the agreement between the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the OECD on privileges, immunities granted to the OECD within the territory of Ukraine. The agreement was ratified by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine in July 1999 (dated 07.07.99, No. 850-XIV).

Currently, cooperation between Ukraine and the OECD is being carried out in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of Ukraine and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development on deepening cooperation from 07.10.2014

The Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine is responsible for the cooperation of Ukraine with the OECD.